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I Can’t Breathe. The System is Choking Me.

“In my thinking, I would also skip the perseverance that I had shown until this moment, having applied for the Schengen visa the second week of June. It was a day before my flight, the eighteenth of August, 2015, but I still did not have it! The correspondence with the college did not help much, except for boosting my constantly fading faith.

My meditation, right before concluding with a deep breath and a long, sorrowful sigh, would then give way to a landscape of uncertainties, unknown possibilities, finally all interrupted by a conversation with my father.”

Refuge-e: The Journey Much Desired, 242

Interview with Lisa Wickham, award-winning Producer-Director and President/CEO of Imagine Media International.

The dog; me.

It is 3p.m on August 18th, 2017. I just hugged a girl who holds a special place in my heart and passed through security check in Frankfurt international airport. Her presence in this massive, crowded yet empty airport fought back my perpetual loneliness. It took me through the apprehension that follows my identity every time I travel internationally. That yearning of belonging, of being.

I have completely forgotten the stress and near-depression that clung onto me a week earlier, after waiting to hear from the Canadian embassy for more than three months. The University of British Columbia (UBC) required me to attend Jumpstart – the orientation program for first year students – within seven days; my German study visa was expiring within five days. Having declined Georgetown University’s generous Arrupe scholarship and, consequentially, a possible future in the United States, not being able to obtain a Canadian study visa to pursue studies as an International Leader of Tomorrow, I had imagined what it would be like to go back to Swaziland. Feeling like a dog whose owner just admonished for being a dog. Wagging and coiling its tail all at once. The dog; me. The owner; my refugee identity.

If you can feel a tiny-bit of what I feel on a daily basis, I have done my homework.

I have been in touch with a friend across the Atlantic. Just a little more than a year ago, in June 2016, I met her at Yale University during the Yale Young Global Scholars program. Her family lives in North-Vancouver. They will generously host me for two days before I can access my room in Totem Park Residence at UBC. They will pick me up from YVR, Vancouver international airport. That will mark the start of a new journey in Canada. A new array of possibilities and stressors.

A Reunion

It is 6pm on August 17th, 2018 – a year later –  I just got back to Vancouver from Calgary. I organized this trip to see a childhood friend. Who knew we could reunite in Canada, after surviving destitution and deprivation in Dzaleka refugee camp? Nearly seven years since our last encounter, after I left Malawi without even saying goodbye. I wonder how many Butterfly Effects led to this reunion! Flying is unsustainable, but I booked buses for both ways to bask in the gorgeous landscape along Trans-Canada highway, crossing the inland southern parts of British Columbia into half-way Alberta. The Fraser River Valley, the topography of Kamloops, the Rockies, Banff National Park: O’Canada!

When we embraced each other at the Greyhound Bus Station in Calgary, I was like, “Dude, you haven’t changed a bit.” His father drove us home, chatty about his recent legal dispute of a traffic ticket. Apparently bending traffic laws is only unique to Africa – or the Third World, one might say. It is only reserved for whites in North America.

We prayed. His mother – just like my mother would – served us beef stew, and all the seven years condensed into a night. An evening even. Just an inexplicable shadow projected backwards called ‘Time.’

We talked about a lot of things. Unbelievably, two completely different routes brought us across the Atlantic. I am still a refugee; he is a Canadian Permanent Resident, soon to be a citizen.

Change, Privilege?

In August 2017 when I came to Canada, I had finished writing the manuscript of my book, Refuge-e: The Journey Much Desired. I had already contacted an editor and a self-publishing company. I had faith in its publication, despite the uncertainty about my education, my future, my life. My publisher’s editorial review warned me that my book ends on a “bleak”. I ask a simple question, “Do I just go to sleep with a troubled mind and a restless spirit?” (Pg. 257). Apparently, such an ending embodies my anxieties and a book should generally end on a positive note to satisfy the reader. My 19-year-old reaction? I can’t betray my feelings of helplessness and hopelessness to please the reader; YOU. If you can feel a tiny-bit of what I feel on a daily basis, I have done my homework.

Map by Tristan Bobin

Almost three years in Canada, a lot has happened. I got to interact with professors and students from various fields and walks of life. I got to speak and do musical performances on stages across North America, Africa, and Europe. I even made a conscious choice of temporarily halting media engagement and quitting social media. It all seemed too much. How more privileged can a refugee be?

So much curiosity surrounds my identity. A lot has changed in three years, and more so in eleven years, but one thing remains : I am a refugee.

I might be a refugee, but I’m a human first. I can’t breathe, because the system is choking me.

The Dance

Almost three years after bidding a temporary bye to my love and to my life in Germany, life has circled back to uncertainties: I am dancing to the same study permit rhythm with the Canadian immigration system. My summer job will soon be terminated because such a dance keeps you busy, with rarely an exit in sight. It takes away opportunities. We call the dance ‘bureaucracy.’ Or systemically targeted limitations that at times amount to structural injustices. I got a job offer that would require me to move to Berlin in September, but this seems unlikely. I will likely still be dancing to the rhythm.

In the past few days, I sleep with “a deep breath and a long, sorrowful sigh.” I awake with “a landscape of uncertainties, unknown possibilities.” Just like 5 years ago when I was restless, waiting for the Schengen Visa. Just like three years ago in my perpetual waiting for the Canadian temporary residence (study) visa. Just like now. Time is slower for the 79.5 Million forcibly displaced peoples.

Photo by Life Matters from Pexels

But my father is not here to interrupt my thoughts. George Floyd is. Breonna Taylor, Eric Garner, and many black men and women whose killings have led to the current revolution. To topple systemic racism, to end racial injustices against people of color and indigenous populations around the world. Depending on how far back you go, the list of these black folks gets longer. The likes of Patrice Lumumba and Malcolm X might appear. The Agĩkũyũ warriors wrongly termed “Mau Mau” and significantly massacred by the British might come to light. The soldiers from all over the African continent massacred by the French in Thiaroye, Senegal, after fighting alongside whites in the Second World War might appear. The Zulus crushed to make way for Dutch settlers and British imperialists, and who eventually crafted Apartheid might appear. All the way down the history lane, to ‘black women raped, tortured and killed by their ‘slave masters’. To the very first black men and women taken against their will, packed into boats and forced to cross the Atlantic Ocean to become properties following genocides against indigenous peoples of the lands.

My thoughts, my story, get drowned in the ocean of grief, sorrow, anger, frustration and, simply said, exhaustion of oppression. And my thoughts, my story, get amplified by the larger mass. After all, it is these systematic exclusions and executions that render me, and twenty-six million other individuals ‘a refugee.’

I might be a refugee, but I’m a human first. I can’t breathe, because the system is choking me.

Today, June 20th, just like every day of the year, let us take a #step_with_refugees. En masse, in solidarity. With Black Lives Matter. Idle No More. The LGBTQ+ community. And many more individuals and minority groups fighting to be heard, fighting to live fully and truly. Fighting to breathe.

Njamba J.M. Koffi, in celebration/commemoration of Refugees World Wide. #World_Refugee_Day_2020, #step_with_refugees.

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Letter to Josh: As proven by the 2010s, refugees are not human!

[A long read, inspired by a conversation with a “friend” who pretends to know it all!]

Dear Josh,

In light of our last profound conversation, I am writing to confirm your deep-felt fear: Refugees are not human. If the 2010s have proven one thing, this is it.

As I draft these words, in these early days of 2020, I am exploring parts of Europe, reconnecting with my friends and families – mostly in Germany. I can’t help but think of how this “heaven” was “the hell” that produced caravans for centuries, particularly during the first half of the 1900s. These included your ancestors who ended up in the United States of America and Canada. Does that matter?

Think of the Caravan crossing the US-Mexican border. The entire Latino population flocking into the US. With more drugs and more crimes. Of course, children had to be kept in cages, locked from their parents who had to be deported. Only a strong and prosperous, problem-free Trumpite empire can understand this!

You talk about the Rohingya? Nobody knows them. And nobody cares too. Unless you’re Bangladesh with a staggering economy, plagued by poverty and prone to natural disasters. In a cold, not-so-sorry spectacle, Canadian parliamentarians were the first to evoke the despicable reality propelling the hundreds of thousands out of their native Myanmar. Genocide. As of late, the Gambia started minding Myanmar’s business, and the world seems to be behind this tiny African country. The Cynicism in evoking human rights. What a shame!

The Uygurs? The communi(ty)st (oriented) Chinese government cannot persecute a minority group. Claims of anything closely similar to Hitler’s concentration camps are outright fake news. No sound person should pay attention to voices of hundreds of individuals outside the Great Wall who claim to have had their relatives detained against their will or missing.

And what better mass grave can there be, than the naturally built Mediterranean sea? As if the Caucasian empire up north is short of terrorists – a subhuman category consisting mostly of Middle Easterners and North Africans, or has not been busy trying to appease one of its own determined to go rogue in a spectacular show entitled “Brexit,” the shitholes kept intentionally sending their thugs – another subhuman category embodied by Zwarte Piet or best known through sailing expeditions across the Atlantic that started from the early modern period and sparked the western civilization! Well, drowning is Black’s favorite pastime!

From South Sudan and Lybia, to Syria and Somalia, to Myanmar. These are just a few scenarios from the 2010s that relate closely to the overly hyperbolized “refugee crisis”. 2020 just began with yet another show, with the righteous DJ-T and his pious regime raising the Iranian temperature to the boiling point. Who cares if there are a few deaths, and millions more – possibly US Americans included – pick up few of their belongings and cross borders in search of asylum?

You couldn’t be righter, refugees are not humans.

EXCEPT, when they are given a chance. Except when somebody believes in them and treats them as equal in rights and opportunities. They can excel like everyone else, because they are everyone else in the truest meaning of the words. They have dreams. They come from countries, cities and towns, districts and villages – yet nobody cares to think of this. They could be you, targeted because of ethnicity, religion, individual beliefs. Because of political affiliations. Because of gender or sexual orientations. Because of being.

Corrupt leaders and foreign intruders rape their daughters and kidnap their sons to join military. They kill their fathers and violate their mothers. They leave citizens no choice but to leave, hoping to live. To leave their land and properties. To leave their culture and traditions. To forsake themselves by forsaking their ancestors.

And when some do arrive, they get there a little traumatized. Just a little! They mostly overcome the bureaucratic filter meant to tell apart who is a refugee and who is an imposter, navigating languages they don’t understand. This screening meant to find the terrorist who is not there can’t be stressful, not at all!

Refugees have survived where not many people have. They have endured, have tasted the bitterness of life.

When you walk for hundreds of kilometers, travel by trucks for days without food or water, travel through international waters the same way tons of trash are transported from rich so called first-world countries to poor third-world countries – or worse, because you have no legal recognition or economic value.

Refugees have trusted their will to life and willed their lives to time. Time and Nature. Nature sustains them while Time takes care of the rest.

I was a refugee once, and I know this. Correction: I still am, but what do I know?

When I miss a flight from Vancouver to Denver on my way to Oklahoma to honor a speaking invitation because the US customs have retained me, asking me all sorts of questions but sensible ones.

When I transit through OR Tambo in South Africa on my way home to Swaziland and an immigration officer looks at my document, turns pages, gets frightened by the visas and the stamps of where I have been – in my rights as a global citizen –  and sheepishly yet decidedly says, “people like you should never be allowed to travel.”

When I spend more than three hours in an airport trying to do check-in like a normal person, and the last resort becomes an emergency boarding pass because the airline realizes that I have all documents required despite their inability to process my refugee travel document, and yet, the longer I stay in their presence the more of a nuisance and a liability I become.

When I get used to not be considered smart, intelligent, bright by all the people around me or I become considered too smart, too intelligent, too bright because unlike any other refugee I have succeeded and far-surpassed any far-fetched diminutive expectation tied to being a refugee.

When I have just completed a decade living as a refugee, and I am starting a new one.

When I am not human.

Josh, I love you, and I wish you the best life can offer you. By being white, both American and Canadian, you already have more than you need. The world favors you. While Russia and China voted to block aid to Syria, I cannot imagine how many gifts you were giving or receiving in this past Christmas season. Just remember, refugees – and anything routinely close to refugees – are not human. How could they be? When could we be?

Love,

JM Koffi

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My Pain

” . . .and I embarked on endless journeys in search of a new home.”

Refuge-e : The Journey Much Desired, 225

My pain is unique. It is subtle. It’s not physical, unless I sleep much longer or much less than normal, in which case it manifests through my fragilized lower back. It’s neither psychological, even though often times it overshadows my faculty of reason. I wouldn’t say it’s emotional either, for what I project in the crowd is utterly different from that which I carry in my privacy, a clear demonstration that whatever emotional aspects of my torturer, it seems to leave me when I leave myself to be with others and to live with me in my perpetual loneliness. My pain is a mix of the physical, the psychological and the emotional. Sometimes I think it has a spiritual dimension to it too. Otherwise, how can God allow one to suffer so much yet so quietly, with no one seeming to notice yet everyone have their eyes on you?

My pain is the loss I have endured for more than a decade now. Loss of my family, my beloved ones. They visit me from time to time. They come smiling, laughing loudly that I see rainbows even with no rains and I feel soothing breeze amid a tornado that is my life. A promise of joy. Two problems: They are the way I left them, they haven’t grown an inch, their voices are either unchanged or perhaps a little faded – or fading –  for I struggle to conceptualize their sounds and their intonations. I have even lost my mother tongue, no wonder I’m losing their chatter, our culture and their character! My loved ones are also accessible either through memories or through imagination, and more often an ungodly marriage of the two. It is very painful to wish for superpowers to turn back or to accelerate the times, knowing well that even the present itself is as precarious as the past and as uncertain as the future. Result? My pain.

Photo by Seth Doyle on Unsplash

My pain is both my connection to the land of my birth and my disconnection from the land that set me to flee. Two sides of the same coin! It is the joy of remembering late night jokes, oral traditions and hide and seek in the bright moonlight called off by calls from distant mothers or the smell of food from homes. It is the contentment of uninterrupted recollection of the taste of my mother’s food and my grandmother’s traditional beer. It is the memory of unwillingness to wake up as early as 5 a.m to go and weed my father’s fields or walk through the morning dew for kilometers end, toward the small stream where we fetched water; all-a-must-do before wearing the school uniform to gear up for a long and a not-so educational day characterized by both laughter and play in spite of motherland’s dismay. My pain is the disconnection from all this, the realization that they can only be in the past no matter how much I want my reality to change. It is the thought that by the virtue of being a refugee, I can never witness how slowly or quickly my motherland transforms – if at all – for the enemy of progress who sent me thousands of kilometers into exile still exits and sits on the highest throne.

. . . how can God allow one to suffer so much yet so quietly, with no one seeming to notice yet everyone have their eyes on you?

My pain is my mother, who is sickly and fragile, who is surviving only because of tons of drugs swallowed and pumped three times a day or more, for the past God knows how long! Where did the agility of a hardworking woman go? Where is the strength of a loving mother who carried me tenderly on her back and in her arms and on her lap, who run heart a drum and lungs out to lift me up whenever I stumbled and fell, who chased me from room to room to beat the mischievousness out of me?

My pain is my father, a man so respectable and able. His wealthy and unalterable worthy have been tainted by the lack and the bad luck of having been born towards the end of colonization, and in times misaligned with all that is wicked and evil. Like dictatorships, lies and murder. Now, he inhales dust and exhales poverty, despite having been the lighthouse to which my ancestral community and society sailed to see, to learn, and to follow. He cannot even follow himself!

Photo by Mason Unrau on Unsplash

My pain is my brothers and sisters scattered all over; like mushrooms, reconstructing their lives in this bushy and thorny world that only seems to hurt and prick the innocent. Self-denial, familial denial and denial of all that is us is characteristic of the pain we feel and the pain we share, and yet we embrace it with love and understanding and pray that one day; just one day, we can miraculously be cured of the rotten soil we are springing from.

My pain is my nieces and my nephews who are growing apart. They can’t enjoy the joy I had of having. The joy of having cousins and aunts, of having culture and traditions, of having dos and taboos and of having all that matter in life. They love Disney princesses, crave for Chinese food, and wish for the day they would play in snow. There is no snow where I come from!

My pain is my life, no wonder no one seems to notice.

But my pain is my pain, and mostly mine alone. It is mine to nurture, as I dream and hope, as I position myself to sail through the storm to lands unknown, to lands of beauty, progress and tranquility. My pain will bring me pleasure. As time gives way to life, pain can mean progress.

Just Time!

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The World Refugee Day – June 20th, What Statistics Won’t Tell You and Hope for the Future

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Song performance on World Refugee Day in Mpaka Refugee Camp, 2015

Time to celebrate refugees and asylum seekers? June 20th was set by the United Nations to “commemorate the strength, courage and perseverance of millions of refugees.” The day was proposed in 2000 and enacted for the first time in 2001, coinciding with the 50th anniversary of the 1951 Refugee Convention.

This year marks the 18th celebration. The number of refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons (IDPs) has reached its record high since 1951. Perhaps it could be because we celebrate them a lot? Just a thought.

I’m not an economist to give figures and statistics. In fact, my basic critique is that these statistics tend to eclipse the lives they represent and the core complexities of issues leading to such lives. The record number is 68.5 Million according to the newest UN reports. Okay. So what? The Guardian equates this number to “3 million higher than the total population of the UK,” and breaks it down into refugees, IDPs and asylum seekers. This, I believe, is to help readers put “the crisis” into perspective. However, if you are anything like me, the numbers will put you off, you’ll close the article and move on to check your recent Facebook notification.

Instead of these depressing statistics, I’d rather have a cool success story about a refugee family which immerses the reader into some little-discussed challenges. Perhaps, an article about a specific community in a specified country about how specifically the community makes lives of refugees less painful and more worth of living. This might inspire other communities elsewhere to learn how best to support refugees among them.

At the least, why not report exactly why these people are fleeing? I don’t mean the usual, to borrow AlJazeera’ words, “refugees are fleeing violence, war and persecution” and “We have an obligation to help them”. If you consciously click on a link to read about refugee issues, you probably know that already.

We are famous because of the statistics. We are forgotten because fewer reports dig deeper than the statistics.

As the public we deserve better.

Reports about refugees ought to be much more in depth; and not in isolation from the main political and economic factors causing multitudes to flee.

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Abro from South Sudan, Kakuma Refugee Camp, 2018

For instance, you might want to know who exactly is funding the two factions fighting in South Sudan, or providing weapons being used to kill civilians and force millions south the border to Uganda. To the best of my knowledge, South Sudan has no gun manufacturing industry, and what’s often termed “tribal conflicts” has much more powerful forces behind it.

This youngest country in the world has become more of a graveyard than a country. Its children are being haunted by extreme poverty in refugee camps despite the rich oil reserves which mightier nations are eyeing – if not exploiting already. In my view, statistics will serve only to rouse the ever-decreasing empathy from media consumers. On contrary, thorough case studies detailing the country’s past, foreign involvement and how it relates to domestic instabilities and the economics behind it all might lead to an understanding of these vulnerable people, and possibly incite some action from the general public.

Or let’s take the golden case of the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Why are DRC’s minerals and other natural resources like timber being pillaged by foreign, mainly western, multi-national corporations? It’s an open secret that these MNCs fund conflicts. By causing chaos, they can plunder as much as they want without so much to fear! This (not so) outdated article by The Guardian points fingers at British corporations, but I find the research paper by Billy Batware slightly more substantive. It accounts the roles of neighboring countries like Uganda and Rwanda as well as local companies in these refugee-manufacturing-schemes. MNCs are expected to uphold international ethical standards, but the chaos they cause is so well orchestrated that they have no concern whatsoever about the million Congolese who are brutally massacred, raped, or forced to flee.

If only news articles featuring Congolese refugees were detailed enough to accommodate Congo’s conflict minerals, you might be able draw a relationship between the iPhone you’re using, the child laborer who mined Coltan and his/her cousin who ended up in a place like Dzaleka Refugee Camp in Malawi. That way IDPs and refugees would be much closer to your heart since you contributed to their situation in the tiniest way possible!

But who am I to be suggesting these implausible alternative reports on a World Refugee Day?

I’m just a two-decade old guy who will soon have spent one decade of his life living as a refugee, one of “the undesirable elite, the famous yet forgotten beings” as clearly articulated in my book “Refuge-e: The Journey Much Desired”. We are famous because of the statistics. We are forgotten because fewer reports dig deeper than the statistics.

My experience has made me acutely aware of the world’s irony.

I wish we would focus more on the root causes of global issues than always try to revolve around consequential realities.

But that’s not what politicians want! They want us to understand this year’s theme, “Now More Than Ever, We Need To Stand #WithRefugees.”

The under-representation or misrepresentation of refugee issues in the media neither celebrates refugees nor exposes what ought to be exposed.

The World Refugee Day has more to it however. It is about raising awareness; calling the wide world to stand #withrefugees .

Only if the world was to embrace this philosophy, we wouldn’t have refugees, or at least refugees who are not cared for.

On 2015’s World Refugee Day I was in Swaziland. In a show solidarity, three friends from St. Marks high school where I was temporarily studying accompanied me to the camp to celebrate the day. The four of us delivered a poem centered on “Ubuntu.”  Ubuntu is an African philosophy derived from a Ngoni proverb “Ubuntu ngumtu ngabanye abantu” (“A person is a person through other people”). Only if the world was to embrace this philosophy, we wouldn’t have refugees, or at the least, we would sincerely celebrate refugees as people worthy integrating into our communities, people deserving of assistance.

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Swazi Women Performing a traditional dance, Mpaka Refugee Camp, 2015

There were many remarkable performances, and my personal favorite was dances . Young refugees, mainly Burundians and Rwandese, performed traditional dances. A group of Swazi women from the Ministry of Home Affairs also delightfully danced to the awed majority refugee audience. It was a pleasant multi-cultural, multi-generational experience. For a short period, refugees were taken from the day to day miseries to a world of entertainment-fused-acceptance. That was possibly a platform where statistics did not matter, and the refuge became one with the refugee.

If the world’s greed and politics can’t exist without causing multitudes to flee, surely refugees can coexist with host communities. And every day could be a World Refugee Day. This is my hope for the future.

#withrefugees

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Corruption (as it relates to smuggling) is an evil to our societies. But in whose “perspective”

Acts of corruption and human smuggling are always frowned upon. They are generalized too. Therefore, I propose we narrow down the focus to migrants and refugees for this piece; and we limit our discussion to two main stakeholders – the bad folks (corrupt officials and smugglers) and the vulnerable folks (refugees and migrants).

Without getting into many details, the so-called “refugee crisis” has been in conversation for many years, but it took momentum in the past decade due to many global phenomena.  The Syrian War, the civil war in South Sudan, the economic crisis in Venezuela, the Rohingya “genocide”, the decades-old conflicts in the Democratic Republic of Congo and so on. Thanks to good networks of smugglers across the globe, some people retain hope and continue to see the sunrise and sunset – their natural right!

By definition, smuggling involves consent between, and is a means to desired ends by both, the bad folks and the vulnerable folks. Here is a scenario from “Refuge-e: The Journey Much Desired”:

“You pay to be smuggled—you pay all of the little money you have, and you borrow much more that you will repay once you have all the benefits of citizenship. You are happy for the journey, the smuggler is happy for the job, immigration officials are happy for their lion’s share as they have to provide the documents to let you through the border gates. The documents themselves will look official enough to deceive any traffic police officer, or at least those who are not in contact with the immigration officer. The border patrol recognizes the forgery and will have to be paid some money, not by the smuggler, not by the immigration officer whom they communicate with from time to time, but by you.” – J.M.Koffi, 2018  

This is corruption at its best.

In my perspective, situations termed “corruption” are either motivated by monetary gain or hope of improvement in someone’s welfare – just like the case above illustrates. But this raises many questions, especially two: who gains? At who’s expense? Majority discourses answer the latter. They contextualize corruption in relation to the decrease in a country’s social welfare because the more corrupt officials engage in shady deals, the less they are motivated to deliver services that they should be delivering to the general public. Hence, there is always an accurate conclusion that corruption is an evil. But if “who gains” was asked, the discourse would significantly change. This is partly what I want to highlight.

Image from Spiegel Online, 2015

Refugees’ choices are limited because they are forced to flee, and whether prepared or not, often there are no systems or institutions put in place to accommodate their immediate needs. For example; if your house has just been bombed or set ablaze, your last thought will be reaching for travel documents. If there is a larger scale civil war, you will hardly attempt to navigate the (nonexistent) bureaucracy applying for a passport or an equivalent laissez-passer. What then? You get into shady deals and sketchy associations with smugglers, corrupt officials, border patrols and so on. You do what is arguably right in efforts to fight for their survival.

In the given scenario, if you asked the smuggler, the immigration officer and the traffic police, they would most probably tell you they understand the plight of refugees and they are just helping. They wouldn’t admit that they are motivated by profit, personal gains. They are probably right! If you asked refugees, they are using the only alternative available to survive, to move to a place where they feel more secure, to attain a better-quality of life.

Then why is corruption, particularly in such contexts, a scam to the society?

Some will even want to build a wall and will magnify asylum seekers into a Caravan of terrorists. Such leaders are the real terrorists!

Narratives and the discourse associated with corruption are mostly one sided. Here are two reasons why:

1) It is the media capturing a story half-way, that is, from the time the vulnerable folks are being exploited by the bad folks. Rarely does the media take time to consider what led to that situation.

Taking the narrative a little back in time might help us to reconsider the stories, and possibly reorient the discourse. After all, in an African context for instance, who do you blame? The refugees who are irregularly/illegally crossing borders from DRC to Rwanda, South Sudan to Uganda, etc. ? Their failing governments due to exploitation and continued interference by foreign nations such as the former colonizers or modern superpowers? The dudes who eagerly sat around a table between 1884 and 1885 somewhere in Berlin and drew arbitrary borders, dividing communities previously united while clustering together warring kingdoms and chiefdoms? You decide!

2) It is political appeals to voters by instigating fear, suppressing ‘the other’ perspective and making false promises. Everywhere, refugees and migrants are just pawns in a big game of politics. The Brexit referendum and many recent elections in Western countries were defined by talks about migration, migrants, Asylum seekers and related discourse.  Anti-immigration rhetoric has put popularist leaders into offices, divided the European Union and continues to resound in policy discourse across the globe. Some will even want to build a wall and will magnify asylum seekers into a Caravan of terrorists. Such leaders are the real terrorists!

I am not advocating for corruption or smuggling.  I am simply suggesting that sometimes we have, and we focus on a single side of the story. We ignore the key stakeholders’ contributions, narratives and perspectives on what is really happening. The discourse centers on consequences rather than causes. The discourse seeks to enhance particular political agendas at the expense of people’s lives. The bad folks might have a choice in the situation; I doubt the vulnerable folks do!

For more information:

“The Billion-dollar Business of Refugee Smuggling” by Aljazeera: https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/countingthecost/2015/09/billion-dollar-business-refugee-smuggling-150913113527788.html

“The trafficking and smuggling of refugees: the end game in European asylum policy?” by John Morrison and Beth Crosland: http://www.unhcr.org/research/working/3af66c9b4/trafficking-smuggling-refugees-end-game-european-asylum-policy-john-morrison.html

“Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling” by Global Affairs Canada : http://www.international.gc.ca/crime/human-traf-personne.aspx?lang=eng

“What 500 elections in 28 European countries can tell us about the effects of anti-immigration rhetoric” by the Washington Post : https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2018/10/30/what-500-elections-in-28-european-countries-can-tell-us-about-the-effects-of-anti-immigration-rhetoric/?utm_term=.582bbac807ea

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The Valuables with No Value – an Unlikely Way to Think about Poverty and Social Inequality

https://youtube.com/watch?v=EeITLKZJnsM

I recently made a terrible decision. I wanted to rid “unimportant” papers and scrapbooks off my bookshelf. There are a lot! I opened a folder and was greeted by an original A4 print I typed to propose the establishment of a Science Club at Mpaka high school when I was still its Head Prefect. I flipped through the papers; the receipt I was given by the Ministry of home affairs when I paid for my very first Identity Card and Travel Document, the drafts of letters my father and I wrote as affidavits for the South African embassy to grant me visas, the sketches of my then three years old niece in her genius attempts to write numbers and so on and so forth.

I paused. Deep breathe.

So many papers to rouse so many memories. And that’s just what I accumulated largely in Malawi and in Swaziland; I had not yet checked the folders containing ALL sticky notes, cards and letters that I received from my friends, my host family and well-wishers during the two years I lived in Germany.

These simple pieces of paper are all valuables to me. But, what’s the measure of a “value”? Perhaps the significance of a “thing” in a specified period of one’s life? What else do I have that wouldn’t be deemed valuable?

Two-third of my suitcase. For this I actually counted because I don’t own much!

One of my two towels is from 2010, and it was part of the donations that were given (if I remember correctly) by some Belgian students to the refugee children in Dzaleka Refugee Camp. By then I was almost thirteen. I also have a t-shirt dating back to the same donations.

Two of my t-shirts were bought in pairs: one for me, one for my twin friend Alberto. They both look like they are from the 11th century, but I cannot get rid of them. Not in my weirdest dreams.

When you have nothing, you treasure everything.

Before long, I was taken aback to my visit to the United Nations Headquarters in New York about two years ago. In the visitors’ lobby, there was an exhibition about refugees.  The exhibition comprised mainly of three sections, one of which I want to highlight here. It was “The most Important Thing; Portraits of an escape” by photographer Brian Sokol. [I also talk about “Clouds Over Sidra”, one of the three sections, in Refuge-e: The Journey Much Desired.]

Asked about the most important valuable refugees fetch before fleeing, answers ranged from a picture (of a loved one), fishing nets, a cooking pot and so on.

A moment to reflect: When you have nothing, you treasure everything.

I don’t know exactly why I keep all the pieces of papers related to school or the government. Maybe it’s because when fleeing we had no chance to salvage any documents, and the resulting complications still haunt me.

But what about clothes? Many Good Samaritans have offered to take me shopping, I mostly declined saying, “I have enough.” My rags from the refugee camps follow me everywhere. They are my identity; my passport if you will.

My photo album captures the rare happy memories that sometimes I wish to forget. And so does every single piece of these clothes and notebooks and sticky notes. All of them are better than any items the capitalistic western societies can offer!

Now, unrelatedly, with a bit of knowledge about how most of the shopping malls are grounded on exploitation and distant cheap labor, I treasure what I have even more. It all makes me want to live simply – whatever that means!

I am privileged to have partly seen the worst and the best that humans can achieve. If you are young, upper-middle class growing up in a country like Canada, it is highly unlikely that you reflect on what you own. It is even odd to imagine that the thousands of dollars spent yearly accumulating materials that you often don’t need could perhaps sponsor tens of children’s education in a distant community, refugee camp or nation! But do you ever wonder, if you were to flee, what would be the one thing you would take with you?

For the youth in ghettos and refugee camps, and for me to a large extent, three things are a given: The present is compromised. The future is uncertain. The past, which we often want to forget, is the same past we carry through our present in hope that we can look back to it in the future with tangible evidence of having lived it. Our valuables are that past!

It takes me minor triggers to think of the inequality that exists; the poverty and suffering unknown to the “developed world,” and yes; the joy in vanity unknown to the less privileged souls in refugee camps and squatter settlements. It all only gets worse. What can I say?

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Refuge within Refugee; Inspiration of the Book Title

In the past few weeks following my book’s publication, I have been confronted with so much curiosity. Many people want to know the reasoning behind “Refuge-e”. “Why the dash?” they ask. “It sounds weird, you know,” friends admit in one on one conversations.

Here is the mystery.

We often look at the “RefugEE” and ignore the “RefugE.” The difference? Well, more than an “E,” the letter meant to distinguish, one has to do with a person, the other has to do with a condition, an institution, a country, etc. One needs the other. One is physical, perceivable and defined, whilst the other is often NOT physical, perceivable nor defined? Key word: Often.

The first part of my book’s title “Refuge-e” was inspired by two factors. An editorial comment from my publisher recommended including the word “refugee” in the title so that readers – or readers to be – can instantly tailor the book to its main themes. The other, however, goes much deeper than that.

In many parts of the world, refugees are dehumanized for all sorts of reasons, notably unfounded fear of the unknown. Refugees are perceived as less human, unlawful and individuals who threaten the society’s status quo. This directly translates into mistrust, institutional injustice, systematic discrimination and (mostly in the case of those who cross a sea or an ocean) racism. As a result, refugees lack acceptance and integration into the host communities, and in worst cases they are denied asylum and immigration services such refugee statuses, visas, study permits, etc

“. . . the term “refuge” shifts the narrative from the person fleeing and focuses on their needs and the destination to which they are fleeing – the host community!”

A “Refuge” – Mpaka Refugee Camp, eSwatini

This is the inspiration: It is very easy to judge a fellow humanbeing by just looking at them, without taking time to hear their story, their wants and their needs. We shouldn’t deny that some refugees do undesirable things. However, we should realize the ease to generalize a group of people based on the regretful actions of their in-group, without taking time to consider each person as an individual who has a singular – or multiple unique – story(ies). Why? We look at a refugee, and rightly so we see the person but overlook what really makes them the “refugee” – the need for a “refuge”. In the mainstream media, “refuge” is a term which we rarely encounter in reports about fleeing and the so-called “refugee crisis”. I personally think it is because the term “refuge” shifts the narrative from the person fleeing and focuses on their needs and the destination to which they are fleeing – the host community!

A refuge is often a place, different from the country or area of origin; in my case and many similar cases, it is a place to which people fleeing their homes are hoping to reconstruct their lives. It is often physical, perceivable but not always defined. As a local citizen, a member of the host community, you often help in defining this place, but not until you read the word “refuge” in the word “refugee”.

I hope the readers of “Refuge-e: The Journey Much Desired” can take a breath to think of “refuge” – before immersing into the moving and deeply inspiring story of a young “refugee”.

For further readings;

*The UNHCR implicitly contextualizes a refugee within the refuge.

*Examples of dehumanization of refugees

  • http://www.gera-ngo.org/the-dehumanization-of-refugees-and-what-it-means-to-be-human/
  • https://lseamnestyinternational.wordpress.com/2015/11/13/the-role-of-political-and-professional-institutions-in-the-dehumanization-of-refugees
  • https://refugeehosts.org/2017/12/13/dehumanizing-refugees-between-demonization-and-idealization/